* at right marks words whose initial consonants have little or no value in heuristic comparisons (because they are gender prefixes, or because -- in nouns -- they echo the gender of that noun, or because a single verb of the English gloss corresponds to a compound or complex predicate in Ingush).
All Ingush forms are given in the Ingush Practical Orthography.
1 | I | so (nominative case) | |
1a | me | aaz (ergative case) | |
2 2a | you | hwo (nominative case) wa (ergative case) | |
3 3a | we | txo (excl.) vaj (incl.) | |
4 | this | jer | |
5 | that | yz | |
6 6a | who | mala hwan- (oblique stem, e.g. erg. hwanuu) | |
7 7a | what | fy sie(n)- (oblique stem, e.g. gen. sien) | |
8 8a 8b | not | -(a)c (suffix, in most indicative
categories) ca (preposed particle, in some moods) ma (preposed particle, in imperative) | |
9 | all | D-erriga 'a [dariga 'a] | * |
10 | many | duqa | * ? |
11 | one | ca-w | |
12 | two | shi-' | |
13 | big | D-oaqqa | * |
14 | long | D-weaxa | * |
15 | small | zwamiga 'little' loaca 'short' | |
16 | woman | qaalsag (j) | |
17 | man | mawasag (v) | |
18 | person | sag (v/j) nax (plural) (b) | |
19 | fish | chq'eara (b) | |
20 | bird | hwazilgj (d) | |
21 | dog | zhwalii (d) | |
22 | louse | mez (b) | * |
23 | tree | ga (j) | |
24 | seed | gi (d) | |
25 | leaf | gha (d) | |
26 | root | ovla (b) | |
27 | bark | chwor (d) | |
28 | skin | c'uoka (d) (human skin) nihw (d) | |
29 | flesh | dulx (d) ('meat') | * |
30 | blood | c'ii (d) | |
31 | bone | t'exk (j) | |
32 | grease oil, etc. | muhw (j) deatta (d) | * |
33 | egg | fu' (d) | |
34 | horn | muwa (j) | |
35 | tail | c'og (d) | |
36 | feather | bedargj (j) | |
37 | hair | mos (j) 'a hair'; mosazh (pl.) 'hair' | |
38 | head | kuorta (b) | |
39 | ear | lergj (d) | |
40 | eye | bwargj (b) | * |
41 | nose | merzh (j) | |
42 | mouth | bagie (j) | |
43 | tooth | cergj (j) | |
44 | tongue | mott (b) | * |
45 | claw | mwaar (j) | |
46 | foot | kog (b) (obl. kuog-) 'foot = leg' | |
47 | knee | guo (b) | |
48 | hand | kulgj (d) 'arm = hand' | |
49 | belly | kit (j) | |
50 | neck | foart (j) | |
51 | breast(s) | t'aar (b) | |
52 | heart | dog (d) | * |
53 | liver | dixk (d) | * |
54 | drink | mal- | |
55 | eat | D-u'- | * |
56 | bite | carg tuox- 'tooth strike' (Ergative agent, dative goal) | * |
57 | see | (bwarg) g- | |
58 | hear | xoz- | |
59 59a | know | xov 'wissen' D-owz- 'kennen' | * |
60 | sleep | nab (nominal root; verb is compound: nab + D-u 'does sleep') | * |
61 | die | D-al- | * |
62 | kill | D-ie | * |
63 | swim | niek (nominal root; niek + D=u 'does swimming') | * |
64 | fly (verb) | ghatt- (punctual: 'get up, fly away') | |
65 | walk | liel- D-uod 'go(es)' | * |
66 | come | hwa + D-iel (hwa = preverb 'here, toward speaker') | * |
67 | lie | ul- mostly an auxiliary verb, cf.: wa + D-iezhaa ull 'having lain, lies' (wa = preverb 'down') | * |
68 | sit | D-aagha mostly an auxiliary verb, cf.: wa + xajna D-aagha 'having sat, sits' | * |
69 | stand | ura + laatt- (ura 'up') | |
70 | give | l- (present) D-al- (past) | * |
71 | say | aal- | |
72 | sun | maalx (b) | * |
73 | moon | butt (b) | * |
74 | star | siedq'a (b) | |
75 | water | xii (d) | |
76 | rain | dogha (d) | * |
77 | stone | qier (d) | |
78 | sand | ghum (j) | |
79 | earth | leatta (d) | |
80 | cloud | moarx (j) | |
81 | smoke | k'ur (b) | |
82 | fire | c'i (j) | |
83 | ash | joq' (j) | |
84 | burn | D-aag- (intrans., e.g. Maalx boag 'the sun shines') | * |
85 | path | niq' (b d) | |
86 | mountain | loam (b, d) | |
87 | red | c'ie | |
88 | green | beaccara ( < 'grass') | |
89 | yellow | wazhagha | |
90 | white | k'aj | |
91 | black | wearzha | |
92 | night | biisa (j) | |
93 93a | hot warm | dwajx mela | |
94 | cold | shiila | |
95 | full | D-izaa 'filled' | * |
96 | new | kerda | |
97 | good | dika | |
98 | round | gierga | |
99 | dry | jaq'a | |
100 | name | c'i (j) |
snow | loa (d) | |
ice | sha (b) | |
short | loaca | |
tall | laqa | |
narrow | gotta | |
wide | shiera | |
ant | zungat (d) |